The M-345 HET (Highly Efficient Trainer) is the new jet aircraft for the training of military pilots. Characterized by acquisition costs and management content and is intended to cover the basic-advanced stage of the training program. The project was officially launched in June 2013 and is among other things intended to replace the Air Force MB.339A also at the aerobatic team "Frecce Tricolori". The M-345 will be the fourth aircraft to be used by the Frecce Tricolori, established in 1961 on US aircraft F-86E Sabre to pass in 1964 on Fiat G-91 and eighteen years later the MB-339. HET philosophy aims to provide the superior performance and training effectiveness typical of jet aircraft at costs comparable to turboprop trainers of high power. Thanks to modern avionics, the high load capacity on external underwing pylons and its performance, the M-345 can also play roles operativi.L'avionica HET, designed on the experience of the modern M-346, reflects the standards of jet fighter newer, including commands HOTAS, the presentation data head high (HUD) and the screens multifunction (MFD), the datalink for the exchange of data in real time and the system of "Embedded Simulation" resident on board the velivolo.Il jet trainer is developing the technology demonstrator M-311, the weight and cost similar turboprop trainers. The M-345 is the evolution of the trainers lightweight class of Savoia Marchetti S-211 exported in the 80s in more than 60 specimens in the Philippines, Haiti and Singapore. The re-launch of the program, due also to the need to put on the market a competitive trainer but with less cost to the M-346 Master that Alenia Aermacchi has exported to various parts of the world. Called M-345 HET, High Efficiency Trainer, whose availability is planned for 2017-2020.L'M HET-345 is designed for easy maintenance and low cost, it weighs 3,300 pounds and will be equipped with a turbofan engine with maximum thrust of 1,600 kg and latest generation avionics to ensure that student pilots are fully compatible with the M-346 advanced trainer and pre-operative which will look like for the cockpit. In four years, the fleet of Air Force jet trainers have three different aircraft: the MB-339 gradually being discontinued, the new M-345 being acquired in a number not yet clarified and 6 M-346 more 9 other option. buying a model Piazzai takes home a product of excellent craftsmanship, a perfect reproduction of the new plane of Frecce Tricolori 40 times smaller of original, completely made in Italy with quality certified products and made entirely by hand by highly skilled with twenty years of work experience.
The Frecce Tricolori, whose full name is Aerobatic Team, which forms the 313º Acrobatic Training Group, are the aerobatic team (PAN), the Italian Air Force, created in 1961 following the decision of the Air Force to create a group Standing communal aerial acrobatics training of its pilots.
With ten aircraft, including nine in training and one solo, are the most numerous aerobatic team in the world, and their flight schedule, including twenty stunts and lasting about half an hour, he has made them the most famous.Photos
Since 1982 use as the Aermacchi veivolo MB.339 A / PAN MLU, and the venue is the airport of Rivolto (UD).
In Italy the first school of aerobatics was founded in 1930 at the initiative of Colonel Campoformido Rino Corso Fougier, commander of 1 Wing: the first training consisted of five Fiat CR20 and already the June 8, 1930 the first air show, called " Wing Day ", these aircraft is performed in a" bomb ", a figure similar to the actual bomb.
In the years before World War II patrol of the Royal Air Force took part in various events. To note is that in 1932 it employed devices Breda Ba.19, in 1934 Fiat 1936 Fiat CR30 and CR32.
After the inevitable parenthesis of the period 1939-1945 the aerobatic team was dissolved and re-formed after the war, although not officially qualified as an acrobatic team. Indeed, it was the 51st Wing, equipped with US aircraft P-51D Mustang and British Spitfire Mk.IX, the first to perform with three Spitfire airport Padova in September 1947. The enthusiasm of these pilots was soon followed by some of their colleagues the 5th Wing, who formed another aerobatic based aircraft Spitfire
In 1950 he formed a squad called the "Prancing Horse", made up of four drivers with the 4th Squadron aircraft DH100 Vampire, that two years later he made his debut in Belgium during a NATO event.
Parallel to this department, in 1953 he established the "Wriggle", from the 5th Wing and operational on F-84G aircraft Thunderjet. This unit participated enjoying considerable success at various shows throughout Europe, thanks to the return of aerobatic maneuver called "bomb": the four riders to the top of a loop in formation they fell swoop in opposite directions by calling the aircraft only in the vicinity of soil. The reputation of Guizzo grew to the point that in 1955 he was dedicated a film called "The four jet thundering" (in honor of Thunderjet), and it was thanks to this film that the Department officially changed its name to "Thundering Jets" He continued to perform until 1956, when they were replaced by the "White Tigers" of the 51st Wing, always mounted on F-84G.
After a successful year, this new aerobatic team gave way to reborn Prancing Horse and its new F-86E Sabre, which will start the activities May 19, 1957 at Turin-Caselle reaching its peak with the performance at the Paris Air Show. Many victories art also derived from the fact that, for the first time in Italy, it was used an apparatus of white fumes generator, with which the acrobatic figures were put particularly in prominence [4]. 1957 also saw the entrance of two new departments stunt: the "Red Devils" and "Lancers Blacks". The first were in the 6th Stormo organic, and their F-84F Thunderstreak gained much support among the population, as shown by their tour conducted in the United States of America; seconds instead came from the 2nd Air Brigade, demonstrating, with the help of the F-86E, great operational skills, which led them to fly even in Iran in 1959 in the presence of the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.
In 1959 it was also reconstituted the formation of Thundering Jets equipped with F-84F, whose livery will be changed in 1960 with the five rings of the Olympic flag during the Games of the XVII Olympiad held in Rome.
Towards the end of 1960 it was decided to end this shifts between different flocks and to found a department whose specific purpose was to form the aerobatic team, selecting the best drivers of the various departments.
Major Mario Squarcina, leader of the Red Devils was thus commissioned by the Air Force to establish the National Aerobatic Team (PAN) consists of riders from all departments of the Air Force. The 313º Acrobatic Training Group was founded on 1 March 1961 at the airport of Looking with Squarcina commander. The Frecce Tricolori flew F-86E Sabre until 1963. The workforce, initially not as numerous as it is today, was expanded in 1963 to nine elements the solo, adding the possibility of using colored smoke. The following year came the fighter Fiat G.91PAN, before moving in 1982 on the current MB-339PAN.
On 28 August 1988, the PAN was the star of Ramstein accident, which claimed the lives of three pilots and 67 spectators. A few days later two of the three pilots who died would have to testify at trial for the massacre of Ustica, and this was cause for various suspicions about the real nature of the "incident" happened.
Despite this misfortune, the PAN has become a calling card of Italy and the Air Force in the world and for many Italians is a source of pride, so that when in May 2006 Senator Lidia Menapace in an interview called them useless , noisy and polluting and asked for the dissolution, immediately arose numerous protests from across the political spectrum. The success of the Frecce Tricolori is also attested by the choice of the motorcycle manufacturer Aprilia, to promote their activities, on 11 March 2005 entered into the partnership with the Department of the Air Force. In 2010, in recognition of the 50th anniversary of the Frecce Tricolori, the car manufacturer Pagani Automobili has produced a limited edition three copies of Zonda supercar, called just Pagani Zonda Tricolore, with livery exposed carbon blue, gold rims and tricolor flag on bonnet.
shows by the Frecce Tricolori on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the founding September 12, 2010 in Looking Photos
The Frecce Tricolori have three programs running stunts: high, low, and flat, depending on the weather conditions and the characteristics of the exhibition. The program is the top choice when the cloud base is located above 1,000 m and is characterized by the execution of acrobatic figures entirely in the vertical plane; The program below is preferred, however, when the clouds do not exceed 500-600 me not accomplished vertical maneuvers (like looping or the bomb); Finally, the variant plate provides for steps of the formation at low altitude.
For several years, whenever possible, the performances of PAN ended with the full line that draws in the sky a long tricolor five kilometers from the speakers while on the ground the voice of Luciano Pavarotti sings Nessun dorma final for the duration of the transition . The first realization of this maneuver occurred at Pratica di Mare (Rome) during the ceremony of farewell to the F-104 Starfighter, and this earned him the Frecce Tricolori the world record for the longest national flag ever made. Also for this reason, the September 8, 2007, racing in the sky of Modena, the Frecce Tricolori paid tribute to Pavarotti which had just held the funeral.
Only the best drivers access the Frecce Tricolori: every year they choose one or two chosen strictly among those with more than 1,000 flying hours, and once you enter must follow a training program of gradual insertion.
